I am a Ph.D. student in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute at Carnegie Mellon University, advised by Professors Sauvik Das and Jodi Forlizzi.
My main PhD research seeks to answer the key question: How does AI change privacy, and what should we do about it? (my talk @ CMU Current Topics in Privacy Seminar) To that end, I develop tools that assist AI practitioners in identifying, reasoning about, and mitigating privacy risks during the development of consumer-facing AI products.
In addition to my work in privacy & security, and human-centered AI, I study and build interactive systems that enhance people’s cognitive abilities, such as attention and critical thinking.
My work has been published in leading Privacy & Security and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) venues, including IEEE S&P, USENIX Security, CHI, TOCHI, and the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (IJHCS). I have received a Best Paper Award at CHI (2024) and a Distinguished Paper Award at USENIX (2024).
During my PhD, I’ve interned with Brave Research team (mentored by Dr. Philipp Winter) and Microsoft Research’s Tools for Thought team (mentored by Dr. Advait Sarkar).
Research Interests: Human-Computer Interaction, Usable Privacy & Security, Human-Centered AI

Publications

2025

• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Advait Sarkar, Lev Tankelevitch, Ian Drosos, Sean Rintel, Richard Banks, Nicholas Wilson. 

  The Impact of Generative AI on Critical Thinking: Self-Reported Reductions in Cognitive Effort and Confidence Effects From a Survey of Knowledge Workers

  (2025)
  To appear at Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)
• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Yi-Shyuan Chiang, Lan Gao, Stephanie Yang, Philipp Winter, Sauvik Das.  Purpose Mode: Reducing Distraction Through Toggling Attention Capture Damaging Patterns on Social Media Websites (2025)
  ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) [code]

2024

• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Lan Gao, Stephanie Yang, Jodi Forlizzi, Sauvik Das.  “I Don't Know If We're Doing Good. I Don't Know If We're Doing Bad“: Investigating How Practitioners Scope, Motivate, and Conduct Privacy Work When Developing AI Products. (2024)
  USENIX Security Symposium (SEC)
  

  Distinguished Paper Award 🏅

• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Yu-Ju Yang, Thomas Serban von Davier, Jodi Forlizzi, Sauvik Das.  Deepfakes, Phrenology, Surveillance, and More! A Taxonomy of AI Privacy Risks. (2024)
  Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)
  

  Best Paper Award 🏅

  [Website]
• Zhiping Zhang, Michelle Jia, Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Bingsheng Yao, Sauvik Das, Ada Lerner, Dakuo Wang, Tianshi Li.  “It’s a Fair Game”, or Is It? Examining How Users Navigate Disclosure Risks and Benefits When Using LLM-Based Conversational Agents. (2024)
  Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)
• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Wei-Lun Kao, Hung-Jui Wang, Ruei-Che Chang, Yi-Hao Peng, Fu-Yin Cherng, Shang-Tse Chen.  AdvCAPTCHA: Creating Usable and Secure Audio CAPTCHA with Adversarial Machine Learning (2024)
  Symposium on Usable Security and Privacy (USEC)
• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Qiushi Zhou, Vassilis Kostakos, Benjamin Tag, Tilman Dingler.  Exploring Design Parameters for RSVP Reading of Mobile Notifications (2024)
  Proceedings of the Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference (OzCHI)

2023

• Sauvik Das, Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Jodi Forlizzi.  Privacy in the Age of AI. (2023)
  Communications of the ACM
• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Jacob Logas, Stephanie Yang, Zhouyu Li, Natã Barbosa, Yang Wang, Sauvik Das.  When and Why Do People Want Ad Targeting Explanations? Evidence from a Four-Week, Mixed-Methods Field Study. (2023)
  In 2023 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (Oakland)

2022

• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Yi-Shyuan Chiang, Yu-Ling Chou, Kung-Pai Lin, Yung-Ju Chang.  What Makes IM Users (Un)Responsive: An Empirical Investigation for Understanding IM Responsiveness. (2022)
  International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (IJHCS)

2021

• Yu-Lin Chang, Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee, Yung-Ju Chang, Chih-Ya Shen.  Inviting Participants' Peers in a Mobile Assessment Study: An Empirical Investigation. (2021)
  Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI)
• Tingwei Wu, Yu-Ling Chien, Hao-Ping Lee, Yung-Ju Chang.  IM Receptivity and Presentation-type Preferences among Users of a Mobile App with Automated Receptivity-status Adjustment. (2021)
  Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)
• Tzu-Chieh Lin, Yu-Shao Su, Emily Helen Yang, Yun Han Chen, Hao-Ping Lee, Yung-Ju Chang.  “Put it on the Top, I’ll Read it Later”: Investigating Users’ Desired Display Order for Smartphone Notifications. (2021)
  Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)
• Chia En Chiang, Yu-Chun Chen, Fang-Yu Lin, Felicia Feng, Hao-An Wu, Hao-Ping Lee, Chang-Hsuan Yang, Yung-Ju Chang.  “I Got Some Free Time”: Investigating Task-execution and Task-effort Metrics in Mobile Crowdsourcing Tasks. (2021)
  Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

2020

• Yi-Shyuan Chiang, Ruei-Che Chang, Yi-Lin Chuang, Shih-Ya Chou, Hao-Ping Lee, I-Ju Lin, Jian Hua Jiang Chen, Yung-Ju Chang.  Exploring the Design Space of User-SystemCommunication for Smart-home Routine Assistants. (2020)
  Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

2019

• Hao-Ping Lee, Kuan-Yin Chen, Chih-Heng Lin, Chia-Yu Chen, Yu-Lin Chung, Yung-Ju Chang, Chien-Ru Sun.  Does Who Matter? Studying the Impact of Relationship Characteristics on Receptivity to Mobile IM Messages. (2019)
  Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

Posters & Workshop Papers

(* indicates equal contribution)

• Kung-Pai Lin*, Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee*, Yu-Ling Chou, Faye Shih, Yung-Ju Chang.  Distinguishing IM Communication Patterns with Relationship and Conversation Topic. (2021)
  CSCW ‘21 Companion: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing Companion (Poster @ CSCW)
• Hao-Ping (Hank) Lee. 

  Identifying Different Kinds of IM Communication Pairs Using IM Logs.

  (2020)
  SIGCHI CSCW Asia School 2020 (Workshop presentation)
• Tang-Jie Chang, Jian-Hua Jiang Chen, Hao-Ping Lee, Yung-Ju Chang.  A preliminary attempt of an intelligent system predicting users' correctness of notifications' sender speculation. (2020)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (Poster @ UbiComp)
• Tzu-Chieh Lin, Yu-Shao Su, Emily Yang, Yun Han Chen, Hao-Ping Lee, Yung-Ju Chang.  A preliminary investigation of the mismatch between attendance order and desired display order of smartphone notifications. (2020)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (Poster @ UbiComp)
• Yi-Hao Shih, Tang-Jie Chang, Jian-Hua Jiang Chen, Hao-Ping Lee, Yung-Ju Chang.  A preliminary study of an intelligent system facilitating selective notification attendance on smartphones via alert assistance. (2020)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiTtention Workshop @ UbiComp)
• Hao-Ping Lee, Kuan-Yin Chen, Chih-Heng Lin, Yung-Ju Chang.  Connecting IM pattern and selective perceived responsiveness to relationship: a cluster-based approach. (2019)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2019 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiTtention Workshop @ UbiComp)
• Hao-Ping Lee, Tilman Dingler, Chih-Heng Lin, Kuan-Yin Chen, Yu-Lin Chung, Chia-Yu Chen, Yung-Ju Chang.  Predicting Smartphone Users' General Responsiveness to IM Contacts Based on IM Behavior. (2019)
  Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Poster @ MobileHCI)
• Qiushi Zhou, Joshua Newn, Benjamin Tag, Hao-Ping Lee, Chaofan Wang, Eduardo Velloso.  Ubiquitous smart eyewear interactions using implicit sensing and unobtrusive information output. (2019)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2019 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (Eyewear Computing Workshop @ UbiComp)
• Kuan-Yin Chen*, Hao-Ping Lee*, Chih-Heng Lin, Yung-Ju Chang.  Who matters: a closer look at interpersonal relationship in mobile interruptibility. (2017)
  Adjunct Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiTtention Workshop @ UbiComp)